March 20, 2015
(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)
March 20, 2015
According to a story this week in The Hill, the subject of the chats — two phone calls and five meetings — was enforcement of the 2010 Dodd-Frank financial reform law, which is designed to prevent another financial crisis. Warren, a liberal populist beloved by the Democratic base, has long been a dogged champion of reining in the banks and the financial industry, and Dodd-Frank gave the Fed a slew of new duties in that area.
But of course, regulation isn't the Fed's only policy responsibility. Another one — perhaps the most important one — is monetary policy, which has big consequences for how much the economy delivers for the moneyed elite versus everyday working Americans. Yet Democrats have largely ignored it, and Republicans have ferociously pushed for the Fed to maximize the interests of the rich.
The issue is desperately in need of a populist left-wing champion. Warren should step up.
The Fed's job is to control the supply of money in the economy. Through avariety of tools, it can increase the supply to boost economic activity and job growth, or pull the supply back to tamp down inflation. There's an unavoidable trade-off here; the more the Fed does of one, the less it does of the other.
That's important, because the costs of unemployment fall first and hardest on the most vulnerable Americans. The costs of inflation, meanwhile, fall primarily on elite and upper-middle class Americans: anyone who's a creditor or holds bonds, anyone with significant savings, and anyone with a stable job they’re unlikely to lose even in a big recession.
There's also a darker point to make: business owners and the financial industry benefit directly from high unemployment, because it allows them to play workers off each other, scuttle labor activism, and keep wages low. Which increases their power and profits.
This balance between inflation and unemployment — between the interests of the elite and the interests of workers — is built into the Fed'sdual mandate. And in recent decades it's done a very skewed job.
Since roughly 1980, what began as an effort to fight stagflation morphed into a Fed policy that typically sacrifices the well-being of poor and working Americans to create as attractive and pleasant an economic environment as possible for big business and financial elites. Low and stable inflation has come with wildly fluctuating unemployment, stagnant incomes, jobless recoveries, collapsing union membership, spiking inequality, and the decay of poor and working class families.
It was news yesterday when the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) — the Fed body that decides monetary policy — lowered its projection of the long-term unemployment rate to between 5 and 5.2 percent. That's a signal it thinks the threshold for sustainable unemployment — below which inflation will take off — is not as high as previously estimated. But economists have been arguingover where that threshold is, and even whether it exists, foryears. It didn't show up even when we got down to 4 percentunemployment in the late 1990s; the last time wages all rose in tandem up and down the income ladder.There's zero evidence of rising inflation or increasing wage pressure, and enormous numbers of Americans have yet to be brought back into the labor market after the 2008 collapse. But a full 70.5 percent of economists in a recent Wall Street Journal poll said they were worried the Fed would wait too long to raise rates, as opposed to raising them too soon and choking off the recovery.
Some members of the FOMC, like Yellen, appear to favor holding off on rate hikes. But they're under intense pressure from other members, not to mention Republicans, who regularly rail on Fed officials for any efforts to combat unemployment, claiming it risks runaway inflation.
Yet the consensus among Democrats and many liberals seems to be that monetary policy is a morally and politically neutral matter, and that the sensible, non-fever-swamp thing to do is leave the technocrats at the Fed alone to do their thing. Which is a terrible idea, because Fed officials are only human, and the world of corporate, financial, and business elites is the socioeconomic water in which they swim. They don't have regular contact with labor activists or minority groups and the like, and that's going to skew their sense of which problems in the economy are the most acute. Worse, how the members of the FOMC are selected is practicallydesigned to favor financial industry interests.
There is no one regularly pressuring the Fed to be even more aggressive in fighting unemployment, much less to fundamentally reform the way it does business. Given Warren's long history of populist instincts, this role seems tailor-made for her. And given that she has Yellen's ear already, and has a demonstrated ability to take control of Senate senate hearings to press her priorities, Warren seems well-placed for this mission.
Furthermore, it's an issue that meshes well with Warren's penchant for digging into complex regulatory and policy topics, while still being able to clarify why they matter for everyday working Americans. Federal Reserve policy can seem horribly arcane. But what it comes down to is simply this: if the Fed moves its dial in one direction, workers get more help, at the cost of some loss of wealth and power for the upper crust. If it moves it in the other direction, the upper crust benefits, and workers pay the price in lost jobs and lost wage growth.
In recent decades, the Fed's been moving its dial in that second direction a lot. Which is the kind of thing Elizabeth Warren was placed on this Earth to combat.
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